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Beginner 2 > Lesson 14

Lesson 14. “And” (그리고, A/V-고)

 

 

07:21 그리고 as a Noun Connector
09:33 그리고 as a Verb Connector
15:49 그리고 as a Conjunction (Present)
31:09 그리고 as a Conjunction (Past)
48:15 그리고 as a Conjunction (Future)

55:07 그리고 when it means “then”

We will continue to learn what’s covered in the rest of the video (How to say “But”) in the next lesson.

 

  1. 그리고 = And.

그리고 is a Noun connector as well as a Verb/Sentence connector.

 

a) When used as a Noun connector, it functions as ‘And’ used for listing Nouns.

Ex. 영어, 한국어 그리고 러시아어 = English, Korean and Russian.

Ex. 이건 커피예요. 그리고 저건 차예요 = This is coffee. And that is tea.

 

b) When used as a Verb/Sentence connector, it turns into a Conjunction* by getting attached to the verb in a previous sentence.

Ex. 아기들은 항상 울어요. 그리고 웃어요 = 아기들은 항상 울 웃어요 : Babies cry and laugh all the time.

Ex. 저는 영화를 봐요. 그리고 오빠는 책을 읽어요. = 저는 영화를 보 오빠는 책을 읽어요 : I watch a movie and my brother reads a book.

 

*Making 그리고 as a Conjunction:

  • PRESENT TENSE: Verb/Adj Stem + 고.

Ex. 저는 매일 운동하 커피를 마셔요 = Every day I work out and drink coffee.

Ex. 지수는 귀엽 친절해요 = Jisoo is cute and kind.

Ex. 학생들은 음악을 듣고 있 선생님들은 춤을 추고 있어요 = The students are listening to music and the teachers are dancing.

 

  • PAST TENSE: Past stem + 고.

Ex. 2004년에 저는 초등학생이었고 게임을 좋아했어요 = In 2004, I was an elementary student and I liked games.

Ex. 저는 커피를 마셨고 제프는 콜라를 마셨어요 = I drank coffee and Jeff drank coke.

Ex. 우리는 노래를 불렀고 춤을 췄어요 = We sang and danced.

*Note: When stating things in Past tense, it is not necessary to attach Past tense stem with 고. Present tense format of attaching Base stem with can also be used in its place, as long as the rest of the sentence is in Past tense.

Ex. 저는 커피를 마셨고 제프는 콜라를 마셨어요 = 저는 커피를 마시고 제프는 콜라를 마셨어요.

      (I drank coffee and Jeff drank coke.)

 

Ex. 우리는 노래를 불렀고 춤을 췄어요 = 우리는 노래를 부르고 춤을 췄어요.

       (We sang and danced.)

 

Ex. 어릴 적에 저는 키가 작고 약했어요 = When I was young, I was short and weak.

 

  • FUTURE TENSE: Future stem + 고.

Ex. 저는 학교에 거고 엄마는 집에 있을 거예요 = I will go to school and mom will stay home.

Ex. 우리는 공부할 거고 쟤들은 잘 거예요 = We will study and they will sleep.

Ex. 저는 이거를 거고 제프는 저거를 살 거예요 = I will buy this one and Jeff will buy that one.

 

*Note: Same with future Tense. It is not necessary to attach Future tense stem with 고, as long as the rest of the sentence is in future tense.

 

Ex. 저는 학교에 가고 엄마는 집에 있을 거예요. = I will go to school and mom will stay home.

우리는 공부하고 쟤들은 잘 거예요. = We will study and they will sleep.

저는 이거를 사고 제프는 저거를 살 거예요. = I will buy this one and Jeff will buy that one.

 

  1. -고 = Then.

그리고 also has the meaning of ‘Then’.

Ex. 저녁을 먹고 설거지를 했어요 = I ate dinner and then did the dishes.

Ex. 10시간 동안 공부를 하고 바로 잤어요 = I studied for 10 hours and then went to sleep right away.

Ex. 편지를 다 쓰고 우체국에 갔어요 = I wrote the letter and then went to the post office.

Ex. 지수를 만나고 집에 갔어요 = I met Jisoo and then went home.

 

  1. -고 = at the same time.

-고 also has the meaning of doing one thing while also doing something else at the same time.

Ex. 네 손을 잡고 갈게 = Holding your hand, I will go.

Ex. 놀라지 말고 내 말 들어 = Don’t be surprised and listen to me.

Ex. 가방을 들고 뛰었어요 = I ran while holding my bag.